1893 - 1894: Magda to Prisoner of Zenda.

Chronology of World, British and American Literature.

Hermann Sudermann. German. 1893. Play. Magda. Conflict between the mores of provincial bourgeoisie and the bohemian life of urban artists.

Stephen Crane. American. 1893. Novel. Maggie: A Girl of the Streets. Darwinian jungle of New York streets, daughter of brutal father, drunken mother, seduced by Pete, disowned by mother. In despair, suicide. Episodic. Irony. In ’96 version, less melodrama. First realistic American novel. Doomed by family, environmental forces, unable to escape.

Gerhart Hauptmann. German. 1893. Play. Hannele. Dying girl hallucinates, turning the wretched almshouse and it dreary inhabitants into a fairy-tale paradise. Dies.

George Bernard Shaw. British. 1893. Play. Mrs. Warren’s Profession. Relationship between a madam and her daughter whom she has supported in style.

Anthony Hope Hawkins. British. 1894. Romance. The Prisoner of Zenda. Hero impersonates imprisoned king, secures his release.